Abstract
Stress is an inevitable aspect of human life, influencing cognitive processing, emotional regulation, and behavioral outcomes. Understanding the psychology of stress is essential to developing effective coping mechanisms and promoting mental well-being. This paper explores the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions of stress through an integrative psychological lens. The discussion examines classical and contemporary theories of stress, including Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome, Lazarus and Folkman’s Transactional Model, and current biopsychosocial perspectives. The paper also evaluates how stress impacts cognition, such as memory and decision-making; emotions, including anxiety, anger, and depression; and behavior, encompassing avoidance, aggression, and coping responses. Evidence from empirical research highlights the neurobiological underpinnings of stress responses, as well as the moderating role of individual differences such as personality traits, resilience, and social support. Finally, the paper offers a synthesis of adaptive coping strategies grounded in cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness-based approaches. Understanding stress from these multidimensional perspectives provides valuable insight for clinical practice, workplace interventions, and health psychology research aimed at fostering psychological resilience and holistic well-being.